Izindaba

Isingeniso sikapende

Engqalasizinda kanye nohlelo lwezimboni lomphakathi wanamuhla, amapayipi adlala indima ebalulekile. Afana nemithambo yokuthutha ethule, ethutha uketshezi, amagesi nezinto ezahlukahlukene buthule, eqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wezimboni kanye nokulula kokuphila kwansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva komsebenzi wokuthula wepayipi, kukhona "isivikelo esingabonakali" esibalulekile - upende wepayipi, ohlinzeka ngesivikelo esibalulekile sepayipi.

1. incazelo kanye nomsebenzi wopende wepayipi

Upende wamapayipi, njengoba negama lisikisela, uwupende oklanyelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa ebusweni bamapayipi. Indima yawo eyinhloko idlulela ngale kokuhlobisa okulula kanye nezimpawu, kodwa idlulela ngokujulile kuzo zonke izigaba zokuvikela amapayipi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwawo.

(1) Ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala

Amapayipi ensimbi avame ukugqwala nokugqwala ezindaweni ezinomswakama, ezine-asidi noma ezine-alkaline. Lokhu ngeke kufinyeze nje kuphela impilo yokusebenza kwepayipi, kodwa futhi kungaholela ekuvuza kwepayipi, okubangela izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha kanye nokungcola kwemvelo. Upende wepayipi ungakha ungqimba ebusweni bepayipi ukuze uhlukanise isithiyo semvelo sangaphandle, uvimbele ngempumelelo umswakama, umoya-mpilo nezinto ezigqwalisayo kanye nokuxhumana ngqo kwensimbi. Phakathi kwazo, ama-pigment alwa nokugqwala, njenge-red lead, i-zinc powder, njll., angasabela ngamakhemikhali ebusweni bensimbi ukuze akhe ungqimba oluzinzile lwamakhemikhali, okuthuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wokulwa nokugqwala. Ngale ndlela, upende wepayipi ulibazisa inqubo yokugqwala nokugqwala, wandisa kakhulu impilo yokusebenza kwepayipi, futhi unciphisa izindleko zokulungisa nokushintsha ngenxa yomonakalo wepayipi.

(2) Thuthukisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu

Ipayipi elivezwe ngaphandle libhekene novivinyo lwezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene ezimbi kakhulu, ukuchayeka elangeni kuzokwenza ukuthi i-coating iguge futhi iphele, ukuguguleka kwemvula kuzokwenza buthaka ukunamathela kwe-coating, kanti ukushintshana kokubanda nokushisa kuzokwenza ukuthi izinto zepayipi zande futhi zinciphe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ubuqotho be-coating. Upende wepayipi osezingeni eliphezulu unokumelana nesimo sezulu okuhle kakhulu futhi ungagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile ezinguqukweni zesimo sezulu zesikhathi eside. Ukwakheka kwawo okukhethekile kuwenza umelane nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, kuvimbele ukuguga kwe-coating kanye nokuqhekeka; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukumelana kwamanzi okuhle kuqinisekisa ukuthi imvula ayingeni e-coating, kugweme ukugqwala kwensimbi engaphansi. Ebusika obubandayo, upende wepayipi ungamelana nethonya lokushisa eliphansi, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka nokuqhekeka; Ehlobo elishisayo, ungafudumeza ngempumelelo i-insulation, unciphise ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa langaphakathi lepayipi, ngaleyo ndlela unciphise ukucindezeleka kokushisa kwezinto zepayipi futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwepayipi.

(3) Ukuhlonza kanye nesixwayiso

Ezinhlelweni zamapayipi eziyinkimbinkimbi, amapayipi ngezinjongo ezahlukene adinga ukuhlukaniswa ngemibala ecacile ukuze abaqhubi bakwazi ukuwabona nokuwaphatha ngokushesha nangokunembile. Isibonelo, amapayipi egesi avame ukupendwa ngombala ophuzi ukuxwayisa ngezingozi ezingaba khona kanye nezidingo zokusetshenziswa okukhethekile; Amapayipi omlilo apendwa ngombala obomvu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi angatholakala ngokushesha futhi asetshenziswe esimweni esiphuthumayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, upende wamapayipi ungangeza nezimpawu zesixwayiso ezibamba amehlo ezindaweni eziyingozi, ezindaweni ezinomfutho ophezulu noma ezingxenyeni zokusebenza ezikhethekile, njengokuthi "ingozi yomfutho ophezulu", "ungathinti" njalo njalo. Lezi zimpawu azigcini nje ngokukhumbuza abasebenzi ukuthi banake ukuphepha, bagweme ukusetshenziswa kabi, kodwa futhi zinikeze ulwazi olubalulekile kubasebenzi bokuhlenga ezimweni eziphuthumayo, basheshise isivinini sokwelashwa okuphuthumayo, futhi banciphise ukulahlekelwa yizingozi.

(4) Thuthukisa ubuhle

Nakuba ubuhle bungeyona into eyinhloko yopende wamapayipi, upende ohlanzekile, ofanayo, onemibala egqamile ngokungangabazeki ungathuthukisa ukubukeka kwesistimu yamapayipi iyonke. Ezindaweni zezimboni, upende wamapayipi ojwayelekile nohlanganisiwe ungabonisa izinga lokuphatha kanye nomfanekiso wamabhizinisi; Ezindaweni zomphakathi, njengemigwaqo yedolobha, izindawo zokuhlala, njll., upende wamapayipi omuhle unganciphisa ukuxinana kokubona futhi wenze indawo ihlanzeke futhi ihleleke kakhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka okuhle kungandisa ukuzethemba komphakathi kanye nokwaneliseka ngengqalasizinda futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi iyonke yedolobha.

2, izinhlobo nezici zopende wepayipi

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zopende bamapayipi, ngamunye unezimo zokusebenza ezihlukile kanye nokusetshenziswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuvikela zamapayipi ahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene kanye nezimo zokusebenza.

(1) Upende ovimbela ukugqwala

Upende ovimbela ukugqwala uwupende osetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi, futhi ungomunye wemibala eyisisekelo yokuvikela amapayipi. Ngokuvamile uqukethe imibala ekhethekile yokulwa nokugqwala kanye nezithasiselo, ezingakha ifilimu evikelayo ebanzi ebusweni bensimbi, ivimbele ukuthintana phakathi komoya-mpilo, umswakama kanye nemidiya egqwalayo kanye nensimbi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ngempumelelo ukugqwala.
Upende ovikela ukugqwala uhlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili: upende ovikela ukugqwala ngamafutha kanye nopende ovikela ukugqwala osekelwe emanzini. Upende ovikela ukugqwala osekelwe emafutheni one-solvent yemvelo njengesinyibilikisi, unezici zokomisa ngokushesha kanye nokusebenza kahle kokulwa nokugqwala, kodwa ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo okuphezulu kwe-volatible organic compounds (VOC), unomthelela othile emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kuncike emikhawulweni ethile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, upende ovikela ukugqwala osekelwe emanzini usebenzisa amanzi njengesinyibilikisi, esinezinzuzo zokuvikela imvelo, ukuphepha, kanye nokungashisi kalula, futhi uhlangabezana nezidingo zemithetho yesimanje yezemvelo. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sawo sokoma side kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kokulwa nokugqwala kungaba kubi kancane kunopende ovikela ukugqwala osekelwe emafutheni kwezinye izimo.
Ngokuphathelene nemibala elwa nokugqwala, i-red lead evamile, i-zinc powder, i-zinc phosphate njalo njalo. Upende olwa nokugqwala we-red lead unomphumela omuhle wokulwa nokugqwala, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-red lead iqukethe i-lead, eyingozi emvelweni nasemzimbeni womuntu, iye yancishiswa kancane kancane. Upende olwa nokugqwala we-zinc powder usebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical kwe-zinc, okungahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okusebenzayo kwesikhathi eside kokulwa nokugqwala kwezinsimbi, ikakhulukazi ezifanele imvelo yasolwandle kanye nezinye izikhathi ezigqwalayo. Upende olwa nokugqwala we-zinc phosphate usabela ebusweni bensimbi ukuze wakhe ifilimu evikelayo ye-phosphate eqinile, enezakhiwo ezinhle zokulwa nokugqwala kanye nokumelana namanzi.

(2) Upende ovimbela ukugqwala

Upende ovimbela ukugqwala uwupende oklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukumelana nokuguguleka kwezinto zamakhemikhali, futhi udlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikelweni kwamapayipi ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, uphethiloli, ukwelashwa kwendle kanye neminye imboni. Ngokusho kwezindlela ezahlukene zokugqwala, upende ovimbela ukugqwala ungahlukaniswa ngopende omelana ne-asidi, upende omelana ne-alkali, upende ofuthwa ngosawoti kanye nezinye izinhlobo.
Upende omelana ne-asidi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto ezine-asidi, njenge-sulfuric acid, i-hydrochloric acid njalo njalo. Ama-formulations avame ukuqukatha ama-resins amelana ne-asidi kanye nama-filler akhethekile agcina ubuqotho nokuqina kwengubo ezindaweni ezine-asidi. Upende omelana ne-alkali ungowezinto ezine-alkaline, njenge-sodium hydroxide, i-potassium hydroxide, njll., unokumelana okuhle kwe-alkali. Upende omelana ne-salty spray ulungele ukubhekana nokuguguleka kwe-salty spray ezindaweni ezisogwini noma ezindaweni zasolwandle, ngesakhiwo esikhethekile se-coating kanye nemibala emelana nokugqwala, ukuvimbela ngempumelelo ukufakwa kwe-salty kanye nokugqwala ebusweni bepayipi.
Uma ukhetha upende wokulwa nokugqwala, kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokuphelele izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo, elisebenzayo, ingcindezi kanye nezinye izici zokuthuthwa kwepayipi. Isibonelo, epayipini lamakhemikhali, uma ukulethwa kungamakhemikhali agqwala kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukukhetha upende wokulwa nokugqwala onokumelana okuhle kakhulu namakhemikhali, bese ukhetha uhlobo lwe-resin kanye nombala ohambisanayo ngokuya ngohlobo oluthile lwamakhemikhali.

(3) Upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile zezimboni, njengemipayipi yokushisa, amapayipi esithando sezimboni, amapayipi okukhipha umoya enjini, njll., amapayipi kudingeka asebenze isikhathi eside endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu. Upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu uyathuthukiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo.
Upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu ungagcina ukuzinza kwengubo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu, ngaphandle kokuthambisa, ukugeleza, ukuwa nezinye izinto. Izingxenye zawo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi i-resin emelana nokushisa okuphezulu, i-pigment emelana nokushisa kanye nama-filler asebenzayo. Upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu we-silicone uhlobo oluvamile olumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okuhle kakhulu futhi lungasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ebangeni lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-200 ° C no-600 ° C. Upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu we-silicon ongaphelele ungamelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kufika ku-800 ° C noma ngisho nangaphezu kuka-1000 ° C, kodwa ukuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokunamathela kwawo kubi kakhulu.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wopende oshisa kakhulu, kudingeka ukulungiswa okuqinile ngaphambi kokufakwa kwepayipi ngaphambi kokwakhiwa ukuze kususwe uwoyela, ukugqwala kanye ne-oxide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, kufanele kuqashelwe ukulawula ukujiya kanye nokufana kwesembozo ukuze kugwenywe ukwenzeka kwendawo ebanzi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu.

(4) Upende wokuvikela

Kumapayipi adlulisa ugesi noma asetshenziswa emishinini kagesi, njengamapayipi okuvikela ikhebula, izindlu ze-transformer, njll., ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kubalulekile. Upende wokushisa ungakha ungqimba oluhle lokushisa phezu komshini, uvimbele ukuvuza kwamanje, futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwemishini kagesi.
Upende wokufaka ugesi uvame ukwakhiwa nge-resin yokwenziwa, i-solvent kanye ne-insulating filler, futhi unokumelana okuhle kokufaka ugesi, ukumelana kwamandla kagesi kanye nokumelana nomswakama. Upende wokufaka ugesi ovamile uhlanganisa upende wokufaka ugesi we-alkyd, upende wokufaka ugesi we-polyester, upende wokufaka ugesi we-epoxy njalo njalo. Lapho ukhetha upende wokufaka ugesi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokuphelele izici ezifana ne-voltage yokusebenza, indawo yokusebenzisa kanye nezidingo zokufaka ugesi zepayipi.

(5) Upende wokuvikela imvelo

Njengoba ukunaka kwemvelo kuqhubeka njalo emhlabeni wonke, upende wamapayipi onobungani nemvelo usuyindlela yokuthuthuka emakethe. Lolu hlobo lopende lunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali e-volatible organic (VOC) enqubweni yokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa, lunciphisa ukungcola kwemvelo, futhi lunciphisa nengozi yempilo kubasebenzi bokwakha nakubasebenzisi.
Upende wokuvikela imvelo uhlanganisa kakhulu upende osekelwe emanzini, upende oqinile kakhulu kanye nopende ongenazo izinyibilikisi nezinye izinhlobo. Upende ophuma emanzini usebenzisa amanzi njengesinyibilikisi, awunazo izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, unezinzuzo zokuvikela imvelo, ukuphepha, ukungashisi njalo njalo. Ngokwandisa okuqukethwe okuqinile kupende, ukusetshenziswa kwezinyibilikisi kuyancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-VOC. Upende ongenazo izinyibilikisi cishe awunazo izinyibilikisi futhi unezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, kodwa izidingo zokwakha ziphakeme.
Upende wokuvikela imvelo awugcini nje ngokuba muhle kakhulu ekuvikeleni imvelo, kodwa futhi ukusebenza kwawo kuyathuthuka njalo, ungahlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela zamapayipi ahlukahlukene, futhi ube negalelo elihle entuthukweni eqhubekayo.

3. ukukhethwa kwezindawo zokupenda zamapayipi

Ukukhetha upende wepayipi ofanele kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa umphumela wokuvikela kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yepayipi. Lapho ukhetha, kunezinto eziningana okudingeka zicatshangelwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zepayipi endaweni ethile kanye nezimo zokusebenza.

(A) ukusetshenziswa kwendawo yamapayipi

Izimo zemvelo zepayipi yizona zinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni upende wepayipi. Izindawo ezahlukene zinezidingo ezahlukene zokusebenza kwezimbozo.
Uma ipayipi lifakwe endaweni enomswakama engaphansi komhlaba, njengamapayipi endle, amapayipi egesi angaphansi komhlaba, njll., kuyadingeka ukukhetha upende omelana kahle nomswakama kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Lolu hlobo lopende luvame ukumelana kahle namanzi kanye nokumelana namakhemikhali, okungavimbela ngempumelelo ukuguguleka kwamanzi namakhemikhali enhlabathini engaphansi komhlaba.
Kumapayipi avulekele ngaphandle, njengepayipi lokushisa elingaphezulu, amapayipi kawoyela, njll., adinga ukumelana nokuhlolwa kwezinto zemvelo njengokuchayeka elangeni, ukuguguleka kwemvula, ukuguguleka komoya nesihlabathi. Ngakho-ke, upende wamapayipi omelana nesimo sezulu esihle kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kufanele ukhethwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi upende uhlala uzinzile endaweni engaphandle yesikhathi eside.
Uma ipayipi lisendaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, njengepayipi lesithando sezimboni, amapayipi omusi wesitshalo samandla okushisa, njll., khona-ke upende omelana nokushisa okuphezulu yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Lo pende ungagcina izakhiwo zawo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, uvimbele ipayipi ekuguqukeni, ukugqwala nezinye izinkinga ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu.

(B) Izinto ezithuthwa ngamapayipi

Izinto ezithuthwa yipayipi nazo zinomthelela omkhulu ekukhetheni upende wepayipi. Izinto ezahlukene zinezakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezingokwenyama ezahlukene, ezingase zibangele ukugqwala, ukuncibilika noma ukuguguleka kwengubo yepayipi.
Uma ipayipi lithutha uketshezi olubolayo, njenge-asidi, ama-alkali, izixazululo zikasawoti, njll., khona-ke kufanele ukhethe upende olulwa nokubola olungamelana nokuguguleka kwezinto zamakhemikhali ezifanele. Isibonelo, ipayipi elithutha i-sulfuric acid kufanele lisebenzise upende olumelana ne-asidi, kanti ipayipi elithutha i-sodium hydroxide solution lidinga ukusebenzisa upende olumelana ne-alkali.
Ukuze kudluliselwe izinto ezivuthayo neziqhumayo ezifana namafutha negesi yemvelo, ngaphezu kokucabangela ukusebenza kokulwa nokugqwala, kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha upende wepayipi osebenza kahle wokulwa nokugqwala ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqongelela kukagesi ongaguquki ekubangeni izingozi zomlilo noma zokuqhuma.
Uma kuyipayipi lokudla noma lamanzi okuphuza, ukukhetha upende kuqinile kakhulu, kumele kusetshenziswe upende wokuvikela imvelo ongenabo ubuthi ohlangabezana nezindinganiso zezempilo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezithuthwayo azingcoliswanga, ukuvikela impilo nokuphepha komphakathi.

(C) Izimo zokwakha

Izimo zokwakha zinethonya eliqondile ekukhetheni kanye nomthelela wokwakhiwa kopende wepayipi. Indlela yokwakha, umoya wokungenisa umoya endaweni yokwakha, kanye nezidingo zokwelashwa kobuso yizinto ezidinga ukucatshangelwa.
Upende ohlukene wamapayipi ufanelekela izindlela ezahlukene zokwakha. Isibonelo, amanye amapende afanelekela ukuxubha ngenxa yokuthamba kwawo okuphezulu futhi angaxhunywa ngokulinganayo ebusweni bepayipi ngaphansi kokusebenza kwebhulashi; Amanye amapende afanelekela kakhulu ukufutha ngoba akha ungqimba oluncane nolufanayo.
Ukungena komoya endaweni yokwakha nakho kubalulekile. Ezindaweni ezingenawo umoya okwanele, upende one-volatible organic compounds (VOC) content kufanele ukhethwe ukuze kuncishiswe umonakalo empilweni yabasebenzi bokwakha kanye nokungcola kwemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zokwelashwa kobuso bepayipi nazo zizothinta ukukhetha upende. Uma ubuso bepayipi bugqwale kakhulu noma kukhona ukungcola okufana namafutha, kubalulekile ukukhetha upende wepayipi osenganamathela kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi zobuso, noma ukwelashwa kobuso okuqinile ngaphambi kokwakhiwa.

(D) Isabelomali

Uma ukhetha upende wamapayipi, isabelomali naso siyinto engenakuzitshwa. Intengo yezinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nemikhiqizo yopende wamapayipi iyahlukahluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha ngokufanele ngokwesabelomali ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela.
Ngokuvamile, upende wamapayipi osebenza kahle kakhulu ubiza kakhulu, kodwa unganikeza impilo yesevisi ende kanye nokuvikelwa okungcono. Uma isabelomali silinganiselwe, ungakhetha imikhiqizo ethile engabizi kakhulu, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukusebenza kwawo kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela eziyisisekelo zepayipi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela izindleko zokulungisa upende wamapayipi. Amanye amapayipi asezingeni eliphezulu, yize ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kuphezulu, angase abe ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokuqina kwawo okuhle kanye nemvamisa yokulungisa ephansi.

4, ubuchwepheshe bokwakha upende wamapayipi

Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha obufanele buyisixhumanisi esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa umphumela wokuvikela wopende wamapayipi. Kuphela ngokulandela ngokuqinile inqubo yokwakha ejwayelekile lapho singaqinisekisa khona ukuthi ikhwalithi nokusebenza kopende kuhlangabezana nemigomo elindelekile.

(1) Ukwelashwa kwendawo

Ukwelashwa kwendawo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwakhiwa kopende wamapayipi, futhi ikhwalithi yawo ithinta ngqo ukunamathela kanye nomphumela wokuvikela wengubo.
Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kobuso, ubuso bombhobho budinga ukuhlanzwa kahle ukuze kususwe ukungcola okufana namafutha, uthuli, ukugqwala, kanye ne-oxide. Kumapayipi agqwalile kakhulu, ukwelashwa kokususa ukugqwala kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuqhumisa isihlabathi, ukugaya, ukugaya nezinye izindlela. Ukuqhumisa isihlabathi kuyindlela evamile yokususa ukugqwala, esusa ukugqwala kanye nongqimba lwe-oxidation ngokushaya ubuso bombhobho ngezinhlayiya zesihlabathi ezifuthwa ngesivinini esikhulu, ukuze ubuso bufinyelele ebulukhuni obuthile futhi buthuthukise ukunamathela kwengubo. Ukugaya kuyindlela yokusebenzisa isisombululo se-asidi ukuncibilikisa ukugqwala kanye ne-oxide ebusweni bombhobho, kodwa kubalulekile ukunaka ukwelashwa kokungaguquki kanye nokugeza ngemva kokugaya ukuvimbela i-asidi esele ukuthi ingabangeli ukugqwala kwesibili empayipini. Ukugaya kufanelekile ekuphathweni kokugqwala kwendawo noma endaweni encane.
Ngaphezu kokususa ukugqwala, kuyadingeka futhi ukususa uwoyela nothuli ebusweni bepayipi. Izindlela ezinjengokuhlanza i-solvent, ukuhlanza i-lye noma ukuhlanza ngamanzi ngomfutho ophezulu zingasetshenziswa. Ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa kwendawo sekuqediwe, kufanele kuhlolwe ngesikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yepayipi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlanzeka kanye nokuqina okubekiwe.

(2) Ukumboza kusengaphambili

Ukumboza kusengaphambili inqubo yokumboza kusengaphambili izingxenye zombhobho okunzima ukuzipenda, njenge-weld, ikona, ne-bolt joint.
Ngenxa yesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, lezi zingxenye zivame ukuba nezinkinga ezifana nokugqoka okuncane kanye nokungabi khona kokugqoka enkambisweni evamile yokupenda, ngakho-ke zidinga ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi. Upende osetshenziswa ekugqokeni kwangaphambili kufanele ufane nokugqoka okuyinhloko, futhi ukwakhiwa kufanele kwenziwe ngebhulashi noma isibhamu esincane sokufafaza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zingxenye zivikelwe ngokwanele.

(3) Ukudweba

Ukupenda kuyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kopende wepayipi, ngokuya ngohlobo lopende wepayipi kanye nezidingo zokwakha, khetha indlela efanele yokupenda.
Ukufaka ibhulashi kuyindlela yendabuko yokufaka ibhulashi, efanele indawo encane, ukuma okuyinkimbinkimbi kwepayipi noma ukulungiswa kwendawo. Uma usebenzisa ibhulashi, naka ubulukhuni nobubanzi bezinwele, kanye nesiqondiso namandla ebhulashi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indwangu iyafana futhi ayivuzi.
Ukufakwa kwe-roller kufanelekile endaweni enkulu yepayipi eliyisicaba, kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa, kodwa ukujiya kwe-coating kuncane kakhulu.
Ukufakwa kwe-roller kufanelekile endaweni enkulu yepayipi eliyisicaba, kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa, kodwa ukujiya kwe-coating kuncane kakhulu.

Mayelana NATHI

Inkampani yethuibilokhu inamathela njalo ku-"'sayensi nobuchwepheshe, ikhwalithi kuqala, ukwethembeka nokuthembeka, ukuqaliswa okuqinile kohlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi lwamazwe ngamazwe lwe-ls0900l:.2000. Ukuphathwa kwethu okuqinile ubuchwepheshe bokusungula, isevisi yekhwalithi esezingeni eliphezulu, ithole ukuqashelwa yiningi labasebenzisi.Njengochwepheshe, ifektri yaseShayina ejwayelekile futhi eqinile, singanikeza amasampula kumakhasimende afuna ukuthenga, uma udinga noma yimuphi upende, sicela usithinte.